Rothamsted Research, UK (RRES), Rothamsted Research has a long history of leading research concerning N cycling in agricultural systems, with an emphasis on grassland-based ruminant systems at the North Wyke site. There is considerable expertise regarding ammonia, nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching emissions to the environment, farm-scale modelling and development and compilation of national scale atmospheric emission inventories. RRes has been an active participant in TFRN and EPMAN activities, particularly regarding mitigation practices over the past decade. RRes has a history of close engagement with China regarding excessive N use in Chinese agriculture, continuing now in the UK-China Newton Fund ‘CINAG’ project.